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Lethal African trypanosomiasis in a traveler: MRI and neuropathology.

Braakman HM, van de Molengraft FJ, Hubert WW, Boerman DH

Department of Neurology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands. HBraakman@alysis.nl

The authors report a case of human African trypanosomiasis with CNS involvement caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in a 52-year-old woman, which relapsed after melarsoprol treatment. After a second regimen, she developed a severe toxic polyneuropathy, progressing to coma and eventually death. MRI revealed rapidly progressive multiple white matter lesions as well as damage of the central gray matter and cortex. The autopsy results confirmed the diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis.

Published 11 April 2006 in Neurology, 66(7): 1094-6.
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